Coronal and apical lesions, environmental factors

CHAZEL JC,VALCAREL J,TRAMINI P,PELISSIER B, MAFART B.Coronal and apical lesions, environmental factors: study in a modern and an archeological population

Abstract:

Objective: Apical periodontitis (AP) are frequent findings in contemporary dental practice in association with dental pathology or dental care. They have also been studied from an anthropological background. The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of apical and dental lesions in an archeological Middle Ages sample and a modern population and to evaluate the influence of environmental factors.

Methods:  Both the archaeological sample group and dental practice subjects were from Southern France.  The study included full mouth surveys of 252 individuals (2780 teeth) from a medieval (historic) necropolis and 223 subjects (5678 teeth) randomly selected in the Gard area. Tooth wear, caries and AP were accounted for clinically and radiographically according to specific indexes.

Results: Significant differences were found between period and age in the archeological sample as regards the main risk factors for AP. Ante mortem teeth loss and dental wear had been reduced while caries rates and AP had increased between archaelological and modern population. The AP ratio was associated with the level of dental care in the modern population.

Conclusion: Although significant variations could be observed between archaelogical periods the rupture in E3 (XVIth and XVIIth century) lead to consider the associated population as a pre-modern. However it was found that while cultural and alimentary factors seemed to be the main risk factors in archeological population, dental care seemed to have a strong influence on AP ratio in modern ones.    

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